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SUBELEMENT T8 – Modulation modes: amateur satellite operation; operating activities; non-voice communications – [4 Exam Questions - 4 Groups]

 

T8A – Modulation modes: bandwidth of various signals; choice of emission type

 

 

T8A01 

Which of the following is a form of amplitude modulation? 

A. Spread spectrum 

B. Packet radio 

C. Single sideband 

D. Phase shift keying (PSK) 

~~ 

 

 

T8A02 

What type of modulation is most commonly used for VHF packet radio transmissions? 

A. FM 

B. SSB 

C. AM 

D. PSK 

~~ 

 

 

T8A03 

Which type of voice mode is most often used for long-distance (weak signal) contacts on the VHF and UHF bands? 

A. FM 

B. DRM 

C. SSB 

D. PM 

~~ 

 

 

T8A04 

Which type of modulation is most commonly used for VHF and UHF voice repeaters? 

A. AM 

B. SSB 

C. PSK 

D. FM

~~ 

 

 

T8A05 

Which of the following types of emission has the narrowest bandwidth? 

A. FM voice 

B. SSB voice 

C. CW 

D. Slow-scan TV 

~~ 

 

 

T8A06 

Which sideband is normally used for 10 meter HF, VHF, and UHF single-sideband communications? 

A. Upper sideband 

B. Lower sideband 

C. Suppressed sideband 

D. Inverted sideband 

~~ 

 

 

T8A07 

What is an advantage of single sideband (SSB) over FM for voice transmissions? 

A. SSB signals are easier to tune 

B. SSB signals are less susceptible to interference 

C. SSB signals have narrower bandwidth 

D. All of these choices are correct 

~~ 

 

 

T8A08 

What is the approximate bandwidth of a single sideband (SSB) voice signal? 

A. 1 kHz 

B. 3 kHz 

C. 6 kHz 

D. 15 kHz 

~~ 

 

 

T8A09 

What is the approximate bandwidth of a VHF repeater FM phone signal? 

A. Less than 500 Hz 

B. About 150 kHz 

C. Between 10 and 15 kHz 

D. Between 50 and 125 kHz 

~~ 

 

 

T8A10 

What is the typical bandwidth of analog fast-scan TV transmissions on the 70 centimeter band? 

A. More than 10 MHz 

B. About 6 MHz 

C. About 3 MHz 

D. About 1 MHz 

~~ 

 

 

T8A11 

What is the approximate maximum bandwidth required to transmit a CW signal?

A. 2.4 kHz 

B. 150 Hz 

C. 1000 Hz 

D. 15 kHz 

~~ 

 

 

 

 

 

T8B - Amateur satellite operation; Doppler shift; basic orbits; operating protocols; transmitter power considerations; telemetry and telecommand; satellite tracking  

 

 

T8B01 

What telemetry information is typically transmitted by satellite beacons? 

A. The signal strength of received signals 

B. Time of day accurate to plus or minus 1/10 second 

C. Health and status of the satellite 

D. All of these choices are correct 

~~ 

 

 

T8B02 

What is the impact of using too much effective radiated power on a satellite uplink? 

A. Possibility of commanding the satellite to an improper mode 

B. Blocking access by other users 

C. Overloading the satellite batteries 

D. Possibility of rebooting the satellite control computer 

~~ 

 

 

T8B03 

Which of the following are provided by satellite tracking programs? 

A. Maps showing the real-time position of the satellite track over the earth 

B. The time, azimuth, and elevation of the start, maximum altitude, and end of a pass 

C. The apparent frequency of the satellite transmission, including effects of Doppler shift 

D. All of these choices are correct 

~~ 

 

 

T8B04 

What mode of transmission is used for satellite beacons? 

A. RTTY 

B. CW 

C. Packet 

D. All of these choices are correct 

~~ 

 

 

T8B05 

What is a satellite beacon? 

A. The primary transmit antenna on the satellite 

B. An indicator light that shows where to point your antenna 

C. A reflective surface on the satellite 

D. A transmission from a satellite that contains status information 

~~

 

 

T8B06 

Which of the following are inputs to a satellite tracking program? 

A. The weight of the satellite 

B. The Keplerian elements 

C. The last observed time of zero Doppler shift 

D. All of these choices are correct 

~~ 

 

 

T8B07 

With regard to satellite communications, what is Doppler shift? 

A. A change in the satellite orbit 

B. A mode where the satellite receives signals on one band and transmits on another 

C. An observed change in signal frequency caused by relative motion between the satellite and the earth station 

D. A special digital communications mode for some satellites 

~~ 

 

 

T8B08 

What is meant by the statement that a satellite is operating in mode U/V? 

A. The satellite uplink is in the 15 meter band and the downlink is in the 10 meter band 

B. The satellite uplink is in the 70 centimeter band and the downlink is in the 2 meter band 

C. The satellite operates using ultraviolet frequencies 

D. The satellite frequencies are usually variable 

~~ 

 

 

T8B09 

What causes spin fading of satellite signals? 

A. Circular polarized noise interference radiated from the sun 

B. Rotation of the satellite and its antennas 

C. Doppler shift of the received signal 

D. Interfering signals within the satellite uplink band 

~~ 

 

 

T8B10 

What do the initials LEO tell you about an amateur satellite? 

A. The satellite battery is in Low Energy Operation mode 

B. The satellite is performing a Lunar Ejection Orbit maneuver 

C. The satellite is in a Low Earth Orbit 

D. The satellite uses Light Emitting Optics 

~~ 

 

 

T8B11 

Who may receive telemetry from a space station?

A. Anyone who can receive the telemetry signal

B. A licensed radio amateur with a transmitter equipped for interrogating the satellite

C. A licensed radio amateur who has been certified by the protocol developer 

D. A licensed radio amateur who has registered for an access code from AMSAT 

~~

 

 

T8B12

Which of the following is a good way to judge whether your uplink power is neither too low nor too high? 

A. Check your signal strength report in the telemetry data 

B. Listen for distortion on your downlink signal 

C. Your signal strength on the downlink should be about the same as the beacon 

D. All of these choices are correct 

~

 

 

 

 

 

T8C – Operating activities: radio direction finding; radio control; contests; linking over the internet; grid locators  

 

 

T8C01 

Which of the following methods is used to locate sources of noise interference or jamming? 

A. Echolocation 

B. Doppler radar 

C. Radio direction finding 

D. Phase locking 

~~ 

 

 

T8C02 

Which of these items would be useful for a hidden transmitter hunt? 

A. Calibrated SWR meter 

B. A directional antenna 

C. A calibrated noise bridge 

D. All of these choices are correct 

~~ 

 

 

T8C03 

What operating activity involves contacting as many stations as possible during a specified period? 

A. Contesting 

B. Net operations 

C. Public service events 

D. Simulated emergency exercises 

~~ 

 

 

T8C04

Which of the following is good procedure when contacting another station in a radio contest? 

A. Sign only the last two letters of your call if there are many other stations calling 

B. Contact the station twice to be sure that you are in his log 

C. Send only the minimum information needed for proper identification and the contest exchange 

D. All of these choices are correct 

~~ 

 

 

T8C05 

What is a grid locator? 

A. A letter-number designator assigned to a geographic location 

B. A letter-number designator assigned to an azimuth and elevation 

C. An instrument for neutralizing a final amplifier 

D. An instrument for radio direction finding

~~ 

 

 

T8C06 

How is access to some IRLP nodes accomplished? 

A. By obtaining a password that is sent via voice to the node 

B. By using DTMF signals 

C. By entering the proper internet password 

D. By using CTCSS tone codes 

~~ 

 

 

T8C07 

What is meant by Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) as used in amateur radio? 

A. A set of rules specifying how to identify your station when linked over the internet to another station 

B. A set of guidelines for contacting DX stations during contests using internet access 

C. A technique for measuring the modulation quality of a transmitter using remote sites monitored via the internet 

D. A method of delivering voice communications over the internet using digital techniques 

~~ 

 

 

T8C08 

What is the Internet Radio Linking Project (IRLP)? 

A. A technique to connect amateur radio systems, such as repeaters, via the internet using Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) 

B. A system for providing access to websites via amateur radio 

C. A system for informing amateurs in real time of the frequency of active DX stations 

D. A technique for measuring signal strength of an amateur transmitter via the internet 

~~ 

 

 

T8C09

How might you obtain a list of active nodes that use VoIP? 

A. By subscribing to an on line service 

B. From on line repeater lists maintained by the local repeater frequency coordinator 

C. From a repeater directory 

D. All of these choices are correct 

~~ 

 

 

T8C10 

What must be done before you may use the Echolink system to communicate using a repeater?

A. You must complete the required Echolink training

B. You must have purchased a license to use the Echolink software

C. You must be sponsored by a current Echolink user

D. You must register your call sign and provide proof of license 

~~ 

 

 

T8C11 

What name is given to an amateur radio station that is used to connect other amateur stations to the internet? 

A. A gateway

B. A repeater 

C. A digipeater 

D. A beacon 

~~ 

 

 

 

 

T8D – Non-voice and digital communications: image signals; digital modes; CW; packet radio; PSK31; APRS; error detection and correction; NTSC; amateur radio networking; Digital Mobile/Migration Radio 

 

 

T8D01  

Which of the following is a digital communications mode? 

A. Packet radio 

B. IEEE 802.11 

C. JT65 

D. All of these choices are correct 

~~ 

 

 

T8D02 

What does the term “APRS” mean? 

A. Automatic Packet Reporting System 

B. Associated Public Radio Station 

C. Auto Planning Radio Set-up 

D. Advanced Polar Radio System 

~~ 

 

 

T8D03 

Which of the following devices is used to provide data to the transmitter when sending automatic position reports from a mobile amateur radio station? 

A. The vehicle speedometer 

B. A WWV receiver 

C. A connection to a broadcast FM sub-carrier receiver 

D. A Global Positioning System receiver 

~~ 

 

 

T8D04 

What type of transmission is indicated by the term "NTSC?" 

A. A Normal Transmission mode in Static Circuit 

B. A special mode for earth satellite uplink 

C. An analog fast scan color TV signal 

D. A frame compression scheme for TV signals 

~~ 

 

 

T8D05 

Which of the following is an application of APRS (Automatic Packet Reporting System)? 

A. Providing real-time tactical digital communications in conjunction with a map showing the locations of stations 

B. Showing automatically the number of packets transmitted via PACTOR during a specific time interval 

C. Providing voice over internet connection between repeaters 

D. Providing information on the number of stations signed into a repeater 

~~

 

 

T8D06 

What does the abbreviation "PSK" mean? 

A. Pulse Shift Keying 

B. Phase Shift Keying 

C. Packet Short Keying 

D. Phased Slide Keying 

~~ 

 

 

T8D07 

Which of the following best describes DMR (Digital Mobile Radio or Digital Migration Radio)? 

A. A technique for time-multiplexing two digital voice signals on a single 12.5 kHz repeater channel 

B. An automatic position tracking mode for FM mobiles communicating through repeaters 

C. An automatic computer logging technique for hands-off logging when communicating while operating a vehicle 

D. A digital technique for transmitting on two repeater inputs simultaneously for automatic error correction 

~~ 

 

 

T8D08 

Which of the following may be included in packet transmissions? 

A. A check sum that permits error detection 

B. A header that contains the call sign of the station to which the information is being sent 

C. Automatic repeat request in case of error 

D. All of these choices are correct 

~~ 

 

 

T8D09 

What code is used when sending CW in the amateur bands? 

A. Baudot 

B. Hamming 

C. International Morse 

D. All of these choices are correct 

~~ 

 

 

T8D10 

Which of the following operating activities is supported by digital mode software in the WSJT suite?

A. Moonbounce or Earth-Moon-Earth

B. Weak-signal propagation beacons

C. Meteor scatter

D. All of these choices are correct 

~~ 

 

 

T8D11 

What is an ARQ transmission system? 

A. A special transmission format limited to video signals 

B. A system used to encrypt command signals to an amateur radio satellite 

C. A digital scheme whereby the receiving station detects errors and sends a request to the sending station to retransmit the information 

D. A method of compressing the data in a message so more information can be sent in a shorter time 

~~

 

 

T8D12 

Which of the following best describes Broadband-Hamnet(TM), also referred to as a high-speed multi-media network? 

A. An amateur-radio-based data network using commercial Wi-Fi gear with modified firmware 

B. A wide-bandwidth digital voice mode employing DRM protocols 

C. A satellite communications network using modified commercial satellite TV hardware 

D. An internet linking protocol used to network repeaters 

~~ 

 

 

T8D13

What is FT8? 

A. A wideband FM voice mode 

B. A digital mode capable of operating in low signal-to-noise conditions that transmits on 15-second intervals 

C. An eight channel multiplex mode for FM repeaters 

D. A digital slow scan TV mode with forward error correction and automatic color compensation 

~~ 

 

 

T8D14 

What is an electronic keyer? 

A. A device for switching antennas from transmit to receive 

B. A device for voice activated switching from receive to transmit 

C. A device that assists in manual sending of Morse code 

D. An interlock to prevent unauthorized use of a radio 

~~